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==Abstract==
==Abstract==


This article is composed of excerpts from the 80-page US Patent #5,018,180, granted May 21, 1991 to inventor Kenneth R. Shoulders. It was filed May 3, 1989. The assignee is Jupiter Toy Co., Austin, TX. This patent is relevant to: (1) the article by Charles A. Yost in this issue, which describes experiments where electron chains may have been visible as a threadlike stream; (2) a mention in ESJ 1 of an electric propulsion system, described in patent #3,464,207 issued to Ernest C. Okress in 1969; and (3) a natural phenomenon described in ESJ 14 in ?Gorgons from the Volcanoes,? by Egon Bach.
This article is composed of excerpts from the 80-page US Patent #5,018,180, granted May 21, 1991 to inventor Kenneth R. Shoulders. It was filed May 3, 1989. The assignee is Jupiter Toy Co., Austin, TX. This patent is relevant to: (1) the article by Charles A. Yost in this issue, which describes experiments where electron chains may have been visible as a threadlike stream; (2) a mention in ESJ 1 of an electric propulsion system, described in patent #3,464,207 issued to Ernest C. Okress in 1969; and (3) a natural phenomenon described in ESJ 14 in "Gorgons from the Volcanoes," by Egon Bach.


[[Category:Scientific Paper|electrum validum entities]]
[[Category:Scientific Paper|electrum validum entities]]


[[Category:Vortex Theory]]
[[Category:Vortex Theory]]

Latest revision as of 13:56, 22 July 2026

Scientific Paper
TitleElectrum Validum Entities
Author(s)Ken Shoulders
Keywordscharge density, electrum validum, vortex filaments
Published1995
JournalElectric Spacecraft Journal
Number16
Pages24-28

Abstract

This article is composed of excerpts from the 80-page US Patent #5,018,180, granted May 21, 1991 to inventor Kenneth R. Shoulders. It was filed May 3, 1989. The assignee is Jupiter Toy Co., Austin, TX. This patent is relevant to: (1) the article by Charles A. Yost in this issue, which describes experiments where electron chains may have been visible as a threadlike stream; (2) a mention in ESJ 1 of an electric propulsion system, described in patent #3,464,207 issued to Ernest C. Okress in 1969; and (3) a natural phenomenon described in ESJ 14 in "Gorgons from the Volcanoes," by Egon Bach.