Observations of the Properties of Physical Entities Part 2 - Shape and Size of Electron, Proton and Neutron: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox paper | {{Infobox paper | ||
| title = Observations of the Properties of Physical Entities | | title = Observations of the Properties of Physical Entities | ||
| url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20060519202211/http://www.commonsensescience.org/pdf/articles/nature_of_the_physical_world_P2_FoS_V7N2.pdf Link to paper (Internet Archive)] | |||
Part 2 - Shape and Size of Electron, Proton and Neutron | Part 2 - Shape and Size of Electron, Proton and Neutron | ||
| author = [[David L Bergman]] | | author = [[David L Bergman]] | ||
| Line 6: | Line 7: | ||
| published = 2004 | | published = 2004 | ||
| journal = [[Foundations of Science]] | | journal = [[Foundations of Science]] | ||
| volume = | | volume = 7 | ||
| number = | | number = 2 | ||
| num_pages = 12 | | num_pages = 12 | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Read the full paper''' [https://web.archive.org/web/20060519202211/http://www.commonsensescience.org/pdf/articles/nature_of_the_physical_world_P2_FoS_V7N2.pdf here] ''(archived copy — the original link is no longer available)'' | |||
==Abstract== | ==Abstract== | ||
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[[Category:Scientific Paper|observations properties physical entities - shape size electron proton neutron]] | [[Category:Scientific Paper|observations properties physical entities - shape size electron proton neutron]] | ||
[[Category:Toroidal Ring]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:24, 21 July 2026
| Scientific Paper | |
|---|---|
| Title | Observations of the Properties of Physical Entities |
| Read in full | Link to paper (Internet Archive) Part 2 - Shape and Size of Electron, Proton and Neutron |
| Author(s) | David L Bergman |
| Keywords | Helicon model, Shapes, Topology |
| Published | 2004 |
| Journal | Foundations of Science |
| Volume | 7 |
| Number | 2 |
| No. of pages | 12 |
Read the full paper here (archived copy — the original link is no longer available)
Abstract
Part 2 cites and presents experimental data that reveal the existence, shape, and size of electrons, protons and neutrons. The Helicon Model of Elementary Particles is defined as a toroidal helical structure of charge fibers (one or more) that account for the electromagnetic energy (excited states) of elementary particles. The helicon is a physical model of a durable particle with specific geometry that describes its shape and size. A careful interpretation of scattering experiments performed by Arthur Compton and Robert Hofstadter gives precise agreement with the thin, flexible ring predicted by the Helicon Model. Plasma experiments of Winston Bostick, and S. C. Hsu and P. M. Bellan, provide additional data that support the Helicon Model of Elementary Particles.