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{{Infobox paper
{{Infobox paper
| title = Einstein\'s E = mc2 Mistakes
| title = Einstein's E = mc2 Mistakes
| author = [[Hans C Ohanian]]
| author = [[Hans C Ohanian]]
| keywords = [[Relativity]], [[Mass]]
| keywords = [[Relativity]], [[Mass]]
| published = 2008
| published = 2008
| journal = [[None]]
| num_pages = 10
| num_pages = 10
}}
}}
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[[Category:Scientific Paper|einstein 's e mc mistakes]]
[[Category:Scientific Paper|einstein 's e mc mistakes]]


[[Category:Relativity]]
[[Category:Relativity|einstein 's e mc mistakes]]

Latest revision as of 23:38, 19 July 2026

Scientific Paper
TitleEinstein's E = mc2 Mistakes
Author(s)Hans C Ohanian
KeywordsRelativity, Mass
Published2008
No. of pages10

Abstract

Although Einstein's name is closely linked with the celebrated relation E = mc2 between mass and energy, a critical examination of the more than half dozen ?proofs? of this relation that Einstein produced over a span of forty years reveals that all these proofs suffer from mistakes. Einstein introduced unjustified assumptions, committed fatal errors in logic, or adopted low-speed, restrictive approximations. He never succeeded in producing a valid general proof applicable to a realistic system with arbitrarily large internal speeds. The first such general proof was produced by Max Laue in 1911 (for ?closed? systems with a timeindependent energy-momentum tensor) and it was generalized by Felix Klein in 1918 (for arbitrary timedependent ?closed? systems).