View source for Resolving Spacecraft Earth-Flyby Anomalies with Measured Light Speed Anisotropy

{{Infobox paper
| title = Resolving Spacecraft Earth-Flyby Anomalies with Measured
Light Speed Anisotropy
| author = [[Reginald T Cahill]]
| keywords = [[light speed]], [[spacecraft]]
| published = 2008
| journal = [[Progress In Physics]]
| volume = 3
| number = July, 2008
| pages = 9-15
}}

==Abstract==

Doppler shift observations of spacecraft, such as Galileo, NEAR, Cassini, Rosetta and MESSENGER in earth flybys, have all revealed unexplained speed ?anomalies? - that the Doppler-shift determined speeds are inconsistent with expected speeds. Here it is shown that these speed anomalies are not real and are actually the result of using an incorrect relationship between the observed Doppler shift and the speed of the spacecraft - a relationship based on the assumption that the speed of light is isotropic in all frames, viz invariant. Taking account of the repeatedly measured light-speed anisotropy the anomalies are resolved ab initio. The Pioneer 10/11 anomalies are discussed, but not resolved. The spacecraft observations demonstrate again that the speed of light is not invariant, and is isotropic only with respect to a dynamical 3-space. The existing Doppler shift data also o ers a resource to characterise a new form of gravitational waves, the dynamical 3-space turbulence, that has also been detected by other techniques. The Einstein spacetime formalism uses a special definition of space and time coordinates that mandates light speed invariance for all observers, but which is easily misunderstood and misapplied.

[[Category:Scientific Paper|resolving spacecraft earth-flyby anomalies measured light speed anisotropy]]

[[Category:Gravity|resolving spacecraft earth-flyby anomalies measured light speed anisotropy]]

[[Category:Light]]